What effect does enriched air have on the risk of decompression sickness?

Enriched air, commonly referred to as nitrox in diving, contains a higher percentage of oxygen and a correspondingly lower percentage of nitrogen compared to regular air. The primary effect of using enriched air during diving is that it reduces the amount of nitrogen that divers absorb while underwater.

When divers are exposed to higher concentrations of nitrogen, the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) increases upon ascent. This condition occurs when nitrogen comes out of solution in the body tissues and forms bubbles, which can lead to various symptoms ranging from joint pain to serious neurological issues. By using enriched air, which decreases nitrogen intake, divers can minimize the overall nitrogen saturation in their bodies, thus reducing the risk of developing DCS.

Additionally, the lower nitrogen content allows for longer bottom times without an increased risk of decompression sickness, which provides divers with greater flexibility and safety during their dives. However, it’s important to note that while enriched air significantly reduces the risk, it does not eliminate the potential for DCS entirely, especially if proper dive planning and ascent procedures are not followed. This highlights the importance of understanding and adhering to safe diving practices even when using enriched air.